作者:唐运涛,陈宏刚,冯爱平,施小敏,王丽娜,李元敏,刘伦波
【摘要】 目的 使用活血化瘀疗法外伤性颅内血肿和脑震荡,并对其疗效进行评价。 选择适应非手术治疗的外伤性颅内血肿666例,随机分为活血化瘀治疗组434例,使用以丹参、当归、红花、川芎为主方的口服中药汤剂;对照组232例使用常规的脱水、改善微循环和对症治疗。分别比较不同部位,不同大小血肿的吸收时间。选择有自觉头痛、头晕、记忆力障碍等症状明显的脑损伤1221例,随机分为活血化瘀治疗组和脑震宁、脑复康、脑活素、赖氨酸及天麻密环片治疗组,分别比较症状缓解情况和治疗有效率。结果 脑内血肿活血化瘀汤治疗组比西药组血块吸收时间平均缩短了32.04%,P<0.001。硬膜外血肿,其血肿量为3~10ml或25~30ml者,两组对照无显著差异,血肿在10~25ml,活血化瘀汤组血肿吸收时间缩短了22.71%,P<0.001。急性、亚急性硬膜下血肿活血化瘀汤治疗组血肿吸收时间平均缩短了35.77%,P<0.001。活血化瘀疗法用于脑伤后头痛、头昏、记忆力下降及恐惧症等的治愈好转率为80.88%。结论 以丹参、当归、红花、川芎为主方的活血化瘀汤具有活血散瘀、止痛安神、养血益智之功效,能有效的促进部分外伤性颅内血肿的提早吸收,在消除和缓解脑外伤后的相应临床症状方面具有肯定的疗效。 字串9
【关键词】 颅脑损伤;颅内血肿;活血化瘀
【Abstract】 Objective Investigation and evaluation for treatment to brain injury and intracranial hematoma(IH)treated with traditional Chinese of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.Methods 666 cases treated by non-operation were researched. group with traditional Chinese of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis were 434 cases,treated with the agents including dan-shen root,angelica,safflower, szechwan lovge rhizome, etc.The control group was 232 cases by regular treatment with dehydration, improving microcirculation, etc. Comparing with parts,time of different intracranial hematoma absorbed,respectively.A group with promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and 6 groups with NaoZHN,NaoFK,cerebrolysin, lysine, tall gastrodia tuber, of them were selected from 1221 cases with symptoms of headache, dizziness, memory disorder obviously,were compared with situation of remission of symptoms above and outcome of therapeutic efficiency.Results The average time of blood clot absorption within brain that the group was treated by promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis was less 32.04%(P<0.001) than that of other groups. There was no difference between epidural hematoma(3~10ml or 25~30ml) and other groups, but the average time of absorption in hematoma(10~25ml) was less 22.71%(P<0.001) than that of other groups, the average time of absorption in acute and subacute subdural hematoma were less 35.77%(P<0.001) than that of other groups.The effective rate of the treatment of traditional Chinese of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis for headache after brain injury, dizziness, memory disorder and fearful mood was 80.88%.Conclusion The agents of treatment using including dan-shen root, angelica,safflower, szechwan lovge rhizome has a function of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, analgesia and smooth the nerves, support circulation and benefit wisdom.This treatment can improve absorption of intracranial hematoma happened by brain injury and reduce and relieve of the corresponding symptoms.
表1 中药活血化瘀治疗脑内血肿与一般保守治疗对比
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表2 活血化瘀治疗急性、亚急性硬膜下血肿与一般保守治疗对比 字串8
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表3 活血化瘀治疗硬膜外血肿与一般保守治疗对比血肿量
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从表中得出,脑内血肿活血化瘀汤治疗组比西药组血块吸收时间平均缩短了32.04%,P<0.001。由此可见活血化瘀汤用于30ml以内的脑内血肿,其血肿的吸收时间明显短于西药治疗组。在治疗硬膜外血肿时,其血肿量为3~10ml或25~30ml者,两组对照差异无显著性,血肿在10~25ml,活血化瘀汤组血肿时间缩短了22.71%,P<0.001。急性、亚急性硬膜下血肿活血化瘀汤治疗组血肿吸收时间平均缩短了35.77%,P<0.001。我们观察活血化瘀汤治疗慢性硬膜下血肿17例,仅2例治愈,15例无效。 字串8